Stella Mitrani-Rosenbaum received her PhD in Microbiology from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. She conducted her postdoctoral studies at the National Institutes of Health and joined the Department of Virology at the Faculty of Medicine of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, where she conducted research on DNA tumor viruses.

After a sabbatical year at the Genetics Department at Harvard, she joined the Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy at Hadassah- The Hebrew University Medical Center as a full professor and focused her interest in genetics and muscle diseases. Her team has identified GNE as the mutated gene in the disease. Since then and till now, as professor emerita, she has dedicated her research to GNE Myopathy, with numerous peer-reviewed publications and book chapters on the subject. Her studies have been supported by the Israel Science Foundation (ISF), the German Israeli Fund (GIF), Association Francaise contre les Myopathies (AFM), Kamin grant of the Chief Scientist, the Israeli Ministry of Industry, and others.

In the last several years she is also supported by the NDF. Professor Mitrani-Rosenbaum was a member of the Hadassah Committee for Research. and serves on scientific advisory panels for the ISF and GIF. Additionally, she has served as the Head of the Ethics Committee for Animal Care and Uses at the Hebrew University (Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Public Health, School of Veterinarian studies, Hadassah Hospital, Shaarei Zedek Hospital, Kaplan Hospital).